Survival outcomes among metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with androgen receptor pathway inhibitor and docetaxel

The study analyzedConcertAI Patient 360 data with a prostate cancer diagnosis in US, derived from electronic health records and claims data between 1990 and 2023. Among the eligible adult mCRPC patients, the study population included patients who subsequently received ARPI switch or cabazitaxel in mCRPC setting. The patient number and distribution (%) by treatments and subgroups were summarized. The study used the Kaplan-Meier method to calculate rwOS (median, months; interquartile range, IQR) and rwOS rate (%) at 12, 24 and 36 months from the start date of ARPI switch or cabazitaxel (Index Date).

Among 945 mCRPC patients with prior ARPI and docetaxel treatment (median age: 72 years; white: 79%; baseline PSA ≥ 100 ng/mL: 41%), cabazitaxel was more commonly used (59%) compared to ARPI switch (abiraterone: 22%; enzalutamide: 19%). The rwOS was 13 months, and rwOS rates of the overall patients were 53%, 29% and 21% for at 12, 24 and 36 months, respectively. Patients with liver metastasis had 9 months of median rwOS, while patients without liver metastasis had 14 months.

The relatively short OS demonstrated the unmet medical need in mCRPC patients who received multiple treatments including ARPI and taxane-based chemotherapy, warranting the development of more effective and innovative treatments extending patient survival.